INTRODUCTION
One type of machine that first movers are widely used heat engines, ie engines that use thermal energy to perform mechanical work. Energy itself can be obtained by the combustion process, the process of nuclear fission fuel, etc. processes. Judging from how to obtain this thermal energy heat engine is divided into two groups, namely internal combustion engine and external combustion engine.
External combustion engine combustion process occurs outside the machine; thermal energy from the combustion of gas transferred to the machine working fluid through several walls. For example steam engine, all that is required by the machine at first leaving the combustion gas of high temperature. Heat transfer through the walls, or boilers, energy is then entered into a working fluid composed mostly of water or steam. In this process the temperature of the steam and boiler walls must be much more than the temperature of the combustion gases to prevent material damage to the boiler. High self Daengan working fluid temperature, are severely restricted by the strength of materials used.
Internal combustion engines are generally known as the motor fuel. In this group there are piston motor fuel, gas turbine systems, and transmit gas propulsion. Combustion process took place within the motor fuel itself so that the combustion gases that occur at the same time serves as a working fluid.
Motor fuel use piston inside a cylinder which is moving piston translation (and back). In the cylinder that's happened between the fuel combustion with oxygen from the air. Combustion gases produced by the process that can move the piston connecting rod (drive shaft) is connected to the crankshaft rotational motion and vice versa on the opposite crankshaft and crankshaft rotational motion causing the piston translational motion.
HISTORY OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
Today piston motor fuel has a very important development in human life. Almost everyone has been enjoying the resulting benefits such as motor fuel in the transportation field, lighting, agriculture and others. The birth of new talent motors a century ago the first experience ranging from Malaysian citizens who obtain fire with fast conversion path. A sfluyer in bamboo tubes developed by European scholars, starting from the experience Wige generate energy to weapons of powder by burning firecrackers in the cylinder, in the late 17th century just in 2 centuries ago, then in 1960 a French Lenoin develop gas engine .
Two years kemudin Dean Derechas (1862), creating a cycle of karma as a motor fuel out of the motor less efficient.
Then followed by Otto and Langen German nationality in 1876, creating a motor 4 does not (step), and in 1876 Nugald Clak British nationals not to create a motor 2 (step).
In the year 1892 the German Rudolf Diesel has created the engine without initial flames or without a spark ignition.
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